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4 Wenham, Leviticus, p.241.

 

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Âk»P­C©MµØ¡K¡KÂk»Pªü¼»Âm°Ç¡@§Æ§B¨Ó¤å hw:hyl' ©M lzeaz;[}l' la Yahweh¡Ala  'a za{~ze{l  ¥i¥H¦³¨â­Ó·N«ä¡AÄÝ©ó¡]§Y©M¦X¥»Âk»P¡^©Î¬°¤F­C©MµØ/ªü¼»Âm°Ç¡A¦]¬°­ì¤å¨S¦³¼ÐÂI²Å¸¹¡A©Ò¥H³o¨âµü¥i¯à¬OùĤW¼gªº¦r¡uÂkµ¹¤W¥D¡v©M¡uÂkµ¹ªü¼»Âm°Ç¡v¡A9¦ü¥G­C©MµØ©Mªü¼»Âm°Ç¬O¨â­Ó¹ï¥ßªº¤Hª«¡C¦ý¦pªG©àùĪº¤èªk¨Ã¤£¦p¶Ç²Î©Ò»¡¡A©Î¬O¥Î¯Q³®¤g©ú§@ùÄ¡A¨º»òÂkµ¹­C©MµØ/ªü¼»Âm°Ç´N¬O©àùĪº¥Øªº¡A¬O¬°¨â­Ó¤£¦P¥Øªº¦Ó©àùÄ¡A¤@ÅÒ¬°¤W¥D¡B¤@ÅÒ¬°¡uªü¥`«h¦Õ¡v¡]©M¦X¥»¥H¥~ªü¼»Âm°Çªº¥t¤@­µÄ¶¡^¡]«ä°ª¡^¡C¥ô¦ó½Ķ¹ï hw:hyl' ¼vÅT¤£¤j¡A¤@ùÄ¡uÂkµ¹­C©MµØ¡A©Î¤@ùĬO¬°­C©MµØµ²ªG³£¬O¤@¼Ë¡A¨º¤½¤s¦Ï¬OÄm¤Wµ¹­C©MµØ¡A¦ý lzeaz;[}l la  'a za{~ze{l «o¦³¨Ç¤À§O¡A¦pªG½Ķ¤@ùÄ¡uÂkµ¹ªü¼»Âm°Ç¡v¡Aªü¼»Âm°Ç¬O¦¬¨ü¤½¤s¦Ïªº¤@­Ó¤Hª«¡A¦ý¦pªG½Ķ¤@¤f¬O¬°ªü¼»Âm°Ç¡Aªü¼»Âm°Ç¥i¥H¤£¬O¤Hª«¦Ó¬O°Êµü¡A¬°l] l#¬O§Æ§B¨Ó¤åªº¤£©wµüªººÝµü(infinitive construct)«e¸m¨Ìªþªº¤¶µü(prefixed preposition)¡AÅã¥Ü°Ê§@ªº¥Øªº¡A10¬Ûµ¥­^¤å¤£©wµüinfinitiveªº"to"¡A³oµü·N«ä´N¬O¬°¤F¦æ¤@­Óªü¼»Âm°Çªº°Ê§@¡C¦Ü©óªü¼»Âm°Ç³o¦r¦³¬Æ»ò°Ê§@ªº·N«ä¡A½Ð°Ñ¤Uµù¡C

ªü¼»Âm°Ç¡@³o¬O§Æ§B¨Ó¤å lzeaz;[} '@za{~ze{l  ªº­µÄ¶¡A³o¦r«D±`§xÃø¡A¦r·½©M·N¸q³£¦³¤£¤Öª§½×¡A¥¦¥i¯à¬O¦Wµü¡A¦³¤£¦Pªº¸ÑÄÀ¡G(1)ªü¼»Âm°Ç©M­C©MµØ³£¬O¤Hª«¯S§Oªº¦W¦r(proper name)¡A¦r¸q¤£©ú¡A¤]¤£¥²°l¨s¦r·½¡C°°¸g¥H¿Õ®Ñ¤K1¡A¤E6¥Hªüªü¼»Âm°Ç¬°°­¤ý¡A±Ð¾É¤H¨Ï¥Î¾Ô¨ÆªZ¾¹¡A±Ð¾É¡u¦a¤W©Ò¦³ªº¤£¤½¸q¡C¡v¨º»ò  '@za{~ze{l ¬O¥Ñzz'[; 'a{zaz ±j§§©M lae~el ¯«²Õ¦X¡A«üªý¾×­C©MµØªº°­¤ý¡C(2)¬O¤@­Ó´¶³q¦Wµü(common noun)¡AµS¤Ó¶Ç²Î»{¬°¬O±q¨È©Ô§B¤å'azazu  ±T¹ò¦a¤Þ¦ù¥X¨Ó¡A¬OÄa±V(precipice)(NEB)¡C11(3)±q°Êµü lz'[; 'a{zal ºtÅܦ¨ªº¡AÁöµM¬ù¨S¦³¹B¥Î³o§Æ§B¨Ó¤å°Êµü¡A¦ý¥¦ªº·N¸q¬O²M°£¡A12ªü¼»Âm°Ç´N¬O²M°£¡]¸o´c¡^ªÌªº·N«ä¡C13(4)ªü¼»Âm°Ç¬O¦ÏªººÙ©I¡A¬O¥Ñ z[e ¤s¦Ï©M°Êµü lz'[; 'a{zal °e¨«²Õ¦X¡A14LXX©M¦­´Á±Ð·|®É´ÁSymmachus¡AAquilaªº§Æþ¤å¬ùĶ¥»³£¬O³o¼Ëªº·N«ä¡A©Ò¥H­^¤å¶Ç²ÎĶªk¥ÑTyndal¡AªºÄ¶¥»¶}©l¡A±N³o¦r½Ķ¬°°e¨«ªº¦Ïscape-goat¡]§Yescape-goat¡^¡C(5)ªü¼»Âm°Ç¬O°Êµü lz'[;  'a{zal ªº¤@ºØ±j½Õ»yºA(pilpel)¡A·N«ä¬O§¹¥þ°e¨«¡A­^¤åĶ¥»¦³that shall be sent out(Wycliffe Version)©Mfor discharge(Knox's Version)¡C³o¨Ç½Ķ¦U¦³®Ú¾Ú¡A¦Ü©ó¨ººØ¸ÑÄÀ¦b¥»³¹¤º®e¤¤¤ñ¸û¾A¦X¡A½Ð°Ñ¾\¥»³¹¯«¾Ç±Ð°V¡C

 

6 E.S. Kalland, "lnr ", TWOT I: 171.

7 Harrison, Leviticus, p.170.

8 ¤B¨}¤~¡A§Q¥¼°OµùÄÀ¡Ap.107.

9 ²{¤¤ªºÄ¶ªk¡AJB¦P¼Ë¬Ýªk¡A½Ķ¬°whose lot was marked "For Yahweh"'For Azazel"(vv9, 10).

10 GK¡±114 f, g; BDB, pp.517-518; Bonar, Leviticus, p.303.

11 Yoma 63b; M. Jastrow, A Dictionary of the Targumim II, 1060.

12 Noordtzij, Leviticus, p.161.

13 F. Meyrick, Pulpit Commentary II, pp.239-240.

14 Ibid; BDB, p.736.

 

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23.¨È­Û­n¶i·|¹õ¡@³oùبèS¦³¥æ«Ý²M·¡¡A¨È­Û¬O±q¨ºùضi¥h·|¹õ¡A¤B¨}¤~»{¬°³o¬O²Ä¥|¦¸±q¥~°|¶i·|¹õ¡A¥Øªº¬O­n¨ú¥Xª÷­»Äl¡A22¦ý³o¥i¯à¬O¥æ«Ý¤j²½¥q§¹¦¨Å«¸o¤§Â§»ö¦¡«á¡AÂ÷¶}·|¹õªºµ{§Ç¡A¥ý¥Ñ¦Ü¸t©Ò¶i¨ì¸t©Ò¡A¦b¨ºùزæ¤U­n¶i¦Ü¸t©Ò¤~¬ï¤Wªº²Ó³Â¥¬¦çªA¡]4¸`¡^¡AµM«á¬ï¦^µØ¬üªº¤j²½¥qªA¹¢¤~Â÷¶}·|¹õ¡A¨ì¥~°|Äm²½©Î©ñ¦Ï¡C©Ò¥HµS¤Ó¶Ç²Î»{¬°¬JµMÅ«¸o¤§Â§ªºµ{§Ç¤¤¡A¤j²½¥q´X¦¸¥X¤J¦Ü¸t©Ò¡Aµ²ªG¨º¤Ñ¥L¦b¸t©Ò¬~¨­©M§ó´«¦çªA¤­¦¸¡C

27.µI¿Nªº¤H­n¬~¦çªA¡A¥Î¤ô¬~¨­¡AµM«á¶iÀç¡@Å«¸o¤éªºÅ«¸o²½µ{§Ç»P²½¥q©M¥þ·|²³Ämªº»ö¦¡¬Û¦P¡A¦]¬°³o¤é¬OÅ«¸oªº°ª¼é¡A©Ò¥H¸t¼ä­n¨D§ó¥[ÄYÂÔ¡C©Ò¥H·h²½¬¹¨ìÀç¥~µI¿Nªº¤H¡A©M©ñ¦Ï¨ìÃm³¥ªº¤H¤@¼Ë¡A­n¬~¦çªA¡A¥Î¤ô¬~¨­¡A¶H¼x§¹¥þ²æÂ÷¨ü¸oÄ^¦Ã¬Vªº¥i¯à©Ê¡AÅ«¸o¤§Â§§¹¦¨«á¡A¥H¦â¦C¤H¤@¤Áªº¸o§¹¥þ»P¥L­Ì¹jµ´¤F¡C

 

15 Keil, Commentary on the Pentateuch, p.399.

16 Hertz, Pentateuch and Haftorahs, p.156.

17 Holladay, A Concise Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon, p.266.

18 BDB, pp.818-819.

19 Ibid, p.380.

20 Girdlestone, Synonyms of the Old Testament, p.81.

21 G. von Rad, Old Testament Theology vol I, p.263 n.177.

22 ¤B¨}¤~¡A§Q¥¼°OµùÄÀ¡Ap.111.

 

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ÁöµM¬ù¸t¸g¹ï³o­«­n§»öªº¬I¦æ«O«ù½pÀq¡AµM¦Ó§Æ§B¨Ó®Ñªº§@ªÌ¡A«o»{¬°¬O¼¯¦è³]¥ßªºÂ§»ö¡A¨Ã¥B¬O³Ì²M·¡Åã¥Ü°ò·þ±ÏÅ«¤u§@ªº¹wªí¡]¨Ó¤E¡B¤Q³¹¡^¡AÅ«¸o¤éªº¾ú¥v©Ê©M¯«¾Çªº­«­n©Ê±o¨ì½T©w¡C

 

23 Áú©Ó¨}¡A¦Ø¥¼¬öÄÀ¸q¡App.133-134.

24 ¥j¥NªñªF¦³Ãö¤s¦Ïªº¤åÄm¥i°Ñ¦ÒPritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Related to the Old Testament; ®J¤Î¡Gpp.6-7, 12-14, 327 no.6, »®¤H¡Gpp.346, 351-353; ¦Ì©Ò¤£¤j¦Ì¡Gpp.33-34 lines 381-382, pp.33-338 lines 14-16, pp.60-72 tablet 1 lines 61-64, tablet 4 lines 61-62, 91, tablet 7 lines 32-33.

25 ¥i°Ñ¦ÒKaufmann, The Religion of Israel, p.210 n.17©MMilgrom "Atonement, Day of", IDB Supplement, p.83ªº·N¨£¡C

 

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Å«¸o¤é¡@§Æ§B¨Ó¤å  !yrIPuKih'i !wOy yo^m hakkippuri^m  ¡]¤Ü¤T27¡^±N³o¤éªº¯«¾Ç¥DÃD©M­«­n©Ê²M·¡ªí¹F¥X¨Ó¡C¤¤¤åê©ó¤åªk¡A¦rµü¤£¯àÅã¥Ü¼Æ¶q¡A­ì¤åÅ«¸o !yrIPuK Kippuri^m ¨ä¹ê¬O²³¼Æ¡A¦Ó³o­Ó²³¼Æ¬O¬ã¨sÅ«¸o¤é¤£¯à©¿µøªºÃD¥Ø¡A§Æ§B¨Ó¤åªk¦Wµü²³¼Æ¦³´X­Ó¥D­nªº·N¸q¡G(1)¼Æ¶qªº²³¼Æ(numerical plural)¡A  !yrIPuK Kippuri^m ´N¬O«Ü¦hÅ«¸o²½¡AÅ«¸o¤é´N¬OÄm³\¦hÅ«¸o²½ªº¤é¤l¡A¦]¬°¨º¤Ñ¬°¤T­Ó¹ï¶HÅ«¸o¡G·|¹õ¡B¤j²½¥q¡B©M¥þ·|²³¡A26¦ý°£¤FÅ«¸o¤é¥~¡A¥H¦â¦C¤H¤]³q±`¦b¤@¤é¤§¤ºÄm¦h­Ó¬°­Ó¤H¡B¬°²½¥q¡A¬Æ¦Ü¬°¥þ·|²³ªºÅ«¸o²½¡A©Ò¥H¤C¤ëªì¤Q¤éºÙ¬°¨ºÅ«¸o¤é   !yrIPuKih' ?? hakkippuri^m ¤£¦ý«ü¦b¤Q¦~¤¤¨ºÄm¦h­ÓÅ«¸o²½ªº¤é¤l¡Aªp¥B§Q¥¼°OºÙ©IÅ«¸o²½ªº§Æ§B¨Ó¤å¬O taF;j' chatta{~th ¡]¥|3¡^©Î !v;a; ~a{sha{m ¡]¤­6¡^¡A¦Ó¤£¬O rPuKi Kippur¡A©Ò¥HÅ«¸o¤éÁöµM¤¤¤å½Ķ¦ü¥G¬O»PÅ«¸o²½Ãö«Y±K¤Á¡A¦ý¦pªG¹³­^¤å±NÅ«¸o¤é½Ķ¬°Day of Atonement¡A´N²M·¡Åã¥Ü»PÅ«¸o²½sin/ guilt offeringªº·N¸q¦³¤À§O¡C©Ò¥HµS¤Ó¶Ç²ÎZohar»{¬°  !yrIPuKi Kippuri^m ¬O¼Æ¶qªº²³¼Æ¡A¦ý¤£¬OÅ«¸o²½ªº¦h¼Æ¡A¦Ó¬O¦hºØ³j¸o( rPuKi Kipper)ªººØÃþ¡A¨º¤é¸o¤H±q¤ß¤¤¬yÅS´÷±æ±oú¦ªº³j¸o»P¯«±q¤Ñ¤W½ç¤Uªº³j¸o®¦¨å¶×¦X¡A©Ò¥HºÙ¬°²³³j¸oªº¤é¤l¡C27³oºØÆ[©À¬Û·í§l¤Þ¡A¦ý¡u§Æ§B¨Óªº¸t¸g¤º¤å§¹¥þ¨S¦³³o¼Ëªº·t¥Ü¡C¡v28(2)©â¶Hªº²³¼Æ(abstract plural)ªí¹F¤@­Ó¥Ñ¦hºØ¦]¯À²Õ¦¨ªº·§©À©Î¨Æª«ªº¦hºØ¯S©Ê¡A©Î¨Ï¨ì¸ÓºØ¨Æª«©Î·§©À¨ãÅé¤Æªº¦æ°Ê¡A29©Ò¥H¦n¹³²½¥q©Ó±µ¸t¾§ !yaiWLmi millu~i^m ¡]·N«ä¬O¥Rº¡¤âªº¦æ°Ê¡A°Ñ¤C37µù¡^¨º¼Ë¡AÅ«¸o¤é  !yrIPuKi Kippuri^m ¬O³j¸oªºµ{§Ç¡A30¦ý¬JµM¥»³¹¤T¦¸¥H³æ¼Æ rPuKiKipperºÙ©I¦æÅ«¸o¤§Â§¡]16¡B18¡B33¸`¡^¡A©Ò¥H²³¼Æªº !yrIPuKi  Kippuri^m ¦ü¥G¥t¦³©Ò«ü¡A(3)·¥­­ªº²³¼Æ(plural of intensity)¡A³o¬O§Æ§B¨Ó¤åªº¯S¦â¡A¯« !yhila> ~elo{hi^m ¬O¯à¤Oªº·¥­­ªº·N«ä¡A31¦Ü¸t !yvidq] q#do{shshim ¡A¥D !ynidoa}  ~@do{ni^m µ¥³£¬O³o­Ó²³¼Æ¡CÅ«¸o¤éªº²³¼ÆÅ«¸o¤]À³¸Ó¬O³o­Ó·N«ä¡A¬O§¹¥þªº³j¸o©Î³j¸oªº³Ì°ª¼é¡A32¥»³¹¦h¦¸±j½Õ¤@¤Áªº¸oÄ^³£±o³j§K¡A±N³oÅ«¸o¤éªº­«­n¹üÅã¥X¨Ó¡C

 

26 Hamilton, Handbook on The Pentateuch, p.287.

27 Hertz, Pentateuch and Haftorahs, p.523.

28 Noordtzij, Leviticus, p.238.

29 Davidson, Hebrew Grammar, p.19.

30 GK, ¡±124f

31 GK, p.398 n.2.

32 Noordtzij, Leviticus, p.238; F. Gardiner, "Leviticus", Lange's Commentary, p.124.

 

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(2)ªü¼»Âm°Ç¬O°­Å]¦W¦r¡C¥Ñ°°¸g¥H¿Õ®Ñ¶}©l¡A¥Hªü¼»Âm°Ç¬°°­Å]¬O¤@­Ó¬Û·í´¶¹Mªº·N¨£¡A«ö¤â¶H¼x±N·|²³ªº¸o±H©ñ¦b¤½¤s¦Ï¨­¤W¡AµM«á§â¨e©ñ¨ìµS¤Ó¤H¥H¬°°­Å]¥X¨SªºÃm³¥¡]ÁɤQ¤T21¡A¤Ê¥|14¡F¤Ó¤Q¤G43¡^¡A¦VÅ]°­Åã©ú¥H¦â¦C¤H²æÂ÷¤@¤Á¸o¡A¥L­Ì©Ò¥Çªº¸o°eÂk¸o´c·½ÀYªºÅ]°­¡C33¦ý³o­Ó¸Ñªk¦³¬Û·í¦hªºÃø³B¡G(1)¸t¸g¨S¦³¤@³BºÙ¼»¦ý©ÎÅ]°­¬°ªü¼»Âm°Ç¡C(2)¨S¦³¤@³B¸g¤å»¡©úÃm³¥´N¬OÅ]°­ªº¦í³B¡C§â¦Ï°e¨ìªºÃm³¥ hr;B;d]mi Iui midba{ra{h ³o§Æ§B¨Ó¤å´N¬O¥H¦â¦C¥|¤Q¦~ÄƬyªº¦a¤è¡A¤]¬O»â¨ü¤Q»|©M»P¯«·|­±ªº¦a¤è¡]­C¤G2¡A¤Ê¤@2¡F¦ó¤G14¡A¤Q¤T5¡^¡C(3)¥»³¹20-22¸`´£¨ì©ñ¦Ï®É¡A¥u»¡°e¨ìÃm³¥¡A§¹¥þ¨S¦³µ·²@°­Å]¦s¦bªº·t¥Ü¡C(4)¥»³¹ªºÂ§»ö»P¤Q¥|4-7¡B49-53¸`ªº¼ä²b§»ö¬Û¦ü¡A¦ý¨º¬¡³¾¤£¹L¬O³Q©ñ¦b¥Ð³¥ùØ¡A¤]¤£»¡¬OÂk»PÅ]°­¡C(5)³o°¦Âkªü¼»Âm°Çªº¦Ï©MÂk­C©MµØªº¦Ï¬O¦P¤@­Ó²½¡A²Ä5¸`«ü¥X¨â°¦¤½¤s¦Ï¬°¤@­ÓÅ«¸o²½¡]§Æ§B¨Ó¤å¬O³æ¼Æ¡^¡A²Ä10¸`»¡©úÂkªü¼»Âm°Ç¥Î¥HÅ«¸orP,Ki kipper©M§âÂk­C©MµØÄm¦b²½¾Âªº¥Øªº¤@¼Ë¡A¦Ó¥B20¸`¸É¥R¡AÂkªü¼»Âm°Ç§Y±N¦Ï©^¤W byriq]hi hiqri^b ¡A³o¦r¬O§Q¥¼°O«ü¥ÜÄm²½µ¹­C©MµØªº¦æ°Ê¡]°Ñ¤@2µù¡^¡C¬JµM¨â°¦¦Ï¦P¬OÄmµ¹­C©MµØªºÅ«¸o²½¡A¨ä¤¤Âkªü¼»Âm°Çªº¤@°¦´N¤£¥i¯àÄmµ¹°­Å]¡C(6)±µú¦ªº¸g¤å¸T¤î¥H¦â¦C¤HÄm²½µ¹¥Ð³¥ªº°­Å]¡]¤Q¤C7¡^¡A©Ò¥H¥»³¹¤£¥i¯à¥Xº¸¤Ïº¸¡A«ü¥Ü¥H¦â¦C¤H±N¦Ï§@²½Ämµ¹°­Å]¡C

(3)ªü¼»Âm°Ç¬OÀÀ¤Hªk(anthropomorphism)ªº´y­z¡Cªü¼»Âm°Ç¬O°Ê§@¥Î°µ¦Wµüªº§Î¦¡¡C¥»³¹Å«¸o¤éªº«ü¥Ü¡A6-10¸`©M11-28¸`³o¨â¬q¬O¥­¦æªº±Ô­z¡A¨â¬qªº¶}©l¥y¦¡§¹¥þ¬Û¦P¡A³o¨â¬q½×­z³£´£¨ì¨â°¦¤½¤s¦Ï¡A¤@°¦Âkµ¹­C©MµØ¬°Å«¸o²½¡A¦ý¹ï¥t¤@°¦¦Ïªº´y­z«o¦U¦³¤£¦P¦r¥y¡A³o¨Ç®t²§©¼¦¹°Ñ·Ó¡A¤¬¬Û¸É¥R¡Cªü¼»Âm°Ç·N«ä¬O§¹¥þ°£±¼©ÒÅ«ªº¸o¡CÅ«¸o¤éªº¨â°¦¤½¤s¦Ï¶H¼x¯«§¹¥þªº³j¸o¡AÄmµ¹­C©MµØªº¤@°¦¤½¤s¦Ï¬OÅ«¸o²½¡A¥N´À·|²³¥I¤W¸o»@¡A³j§K¸o³d¡]°Ñ¸o²½ªº¯«¾Ç±Ð°V¡^¡A¦ý³oÅ«¸o»ö¦¡¦b¦Ü¸t©ÒùØÁ|¦æ¡A·|²³µLªk¨£ÃÒ¡C¦Ü©óÂkªü¼»Âm°Çªº¦Ï«o¬O¤½¶}¡A¨Ã¥B¶H¼x·N¸q«D±`©úÅã¡A³o¦Ï¬O¥Î¥HÅ«¸o¡]10¸`¡^¡A¤j²½¥q§â¦Ï©^¤W¡A¨â¤â«ö¦b¦ÏÀY¤W¡A©Ó»{¥H¦â¦C¤H½Ñ¯ëªº¸oÄ^¡B¹L¥Ç¡A§â³o¨Ç¸o³£Âk¨ì¦ÏªºÀY¤W¡A³o¦Ï­n¾á·í¥L­Ì¤@¤Áªº¸o·^¡A±a¨ìµL¤H¤§¦a¡]21¡B22¸`¡^¡C³o¼Ë¬Ý¨Ó¡A³o¦Ï¬O§¹¦¨Å«¸oªº¥\®Ä¡A¨Ï·|²³ª¾¹D¯«¤£³æ³j§K¤Hªº¸o³d¡A§ó¬O°£±¼¤Hªº¸o¡A¤@µ§ú©®ø§¹¥þ§Ñ°O¡AªFÂ÷¦è¦³¦h»·¡A¯«´N¨Ï¤H¥Ç¤Fªº¸oÂ÷¥L¦³¦h»·¡]¸Ö¤@¡³¤T22¡^¡A¤S±N¤Hªº¤@¤Á¸o§ë©ó²`®ü¡]À±¤C19¡^¡A³o¦Ï±N·|²³ªº¸o±a¨ìµL¤H¤§¦a¡A¯«±q¦¹¦A¤£°O©À¡]ÁÉ¥|¤Q¤T25¡A¥|¤Q¥|22¡F­C¤Ê¤@34¡^¡C¨â°¦¦Ï¬Oªí¥Ü³j¸o©M°£¸oªº·N«ä¡A²Ä¤@°¦¦Ï¬Oªí©úÅ«¸oªº¤èªk¡A²Ä¤G°¦¦Ï¬Oªí¥ÜÅ«¸oªºµ²ªG¡C

 

33 Payne, Theology of the Older Testament, pp.292-293; «ä°ªÄ¶¥»®Çµù¡C

 

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²ÓŪū¸o¤éªº«ü¥Ü¡A¥²µMµo²{·|²³¦bÅ«¸o¤§Â§ªº°Ñ»Pµ{«×¤Ö¤§¤S¤Ö¡A¨È­Û¿ï¾Ü¨â°¦¤½¤s¦Ï¡A¨È­Û«ö¤â¦b¨º°¦¬¡¦ÏÀY¤W¡A¨È­Û®_±þ¬°¦Ê©m§@Å«¸o²½ªº¦Ï¡A¨È­Û³æ¿W¶i¤J¦Ü¸t©Ò©M¼u¦å¡C¦Ü©ó·|²³ªº¨¤¦â¡AÁöµM¨S¦³°Ñ»PÅ«¸o¤§Â§ªº»ö¸`¡A¦ýµ´¹ï¤£¬O³Q°Ê¦a®ÇÆ[¡C29¸`©M31¸`»¡Å«¸o¤é¬°¸t¦w®§¤é¡A³o¤é¦Ê©m¤£¦ý¹ý©³°±¤î¥ô¦ó¤u§@¡AÁÙ­n¨è­W¤v¤ß¡CµL½×¤j²½¥q¥D«ùªºÅ«¸o¤§Â§«ç¼Ë²ø­«©M¥Rº¡¶H¼x§t·N¡A¤´µM¤£¨¬¥H»X³j¸o¡A¡u·íµM³j¸o¥\®Ä¦b¥G¸o¤H¤ßÆFªº±¡ªp¡]§Q¤Q¤»29¡B31¡A«á¨Óªº¸g¤å¸Ö¤­¤Q10-13¡F½e¤Ü¤@27¡FÁɤ@11-14¡F­C¤»20¡A¤C21¡F¦ó¤­6¡A¤»6¡F¼¯¤­25¡FÀ±¤»6-7¡^¡C¡v34¯«ªºªk«h³W©w¡AÅ«¸o¤§Â§¯à°÷¥Í®Ä¡A¥²¶·¾ã­Ó¥Á±Ú¡A¥]¬A¥H¦â¦C¤H©M±H©~ªº¥~¤H¡A¥þÅéªí¥Ü¯u¸Ûªºµh®¬¡C

Å«¸o¤é¦bµS¤Ó¤Hªº«H¥õ¤¤¦a¦ì·¥­«­n¡A³Q¾ÛÂk¦^«á·U¨Ó·UµÛ­«¨è­W¤v¤ß¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦b¥D«á­C¸ô¼»§N¸t·µ³Q·´¡AÄm²½©M²½¥q¨î«×¤£¦A¦s¦b¡A¤ßÆFµh®¬ªº«H¥õ¦a¦ì§óª@µØ¡AA.D.135 Rabbi Akiba»¡¡G¡u»XºÖªº¥H¦â¦C¡A¦b½Ö­±«e§A¼ä²b¦Û¤v?½Ö¥i¥H¼ä²b§A?´N¬O§A¦b¤Ñ¤Wªº¤÷¿Ë¡A¦]¬°µ²¤Ê¤»25¡G§Ú¥²¥Î²M¤ô¬¡¦b§A­Ì¨­¤W¡A§A­Ì´N¼ä²b¤F¡C¡v¦Û¦¹¥H«áµS¤Ó±Ð·U¨Ó·U±j½Õ¸o¤H¨è­W¤v¤ßªº­«­n¡A§C½Õ²½¥q¤¤«Oªº¤u§@¡A¬Æ¦Ü§¹¥þ©¿²¤³o±Ð°V¡AMaimonides¡]¬ùA.D.1204¡^§ó«Å§i®¬§ïªº¦æ°Ê´N¯àÅ«¸o¡A©Ò¥Hªñ¥NµS¤Ó±Ðªº±Ð¸q»¡¡G¡uÅ«¸oªº°Ê¾÷¨Ó¦Û¸o¤H¡A¥L¦bÅ«¸o¤é¦]¤jµL¬Èªº¦Û¬Ù©M¸Û¹ê»{¸o¨Ï¸o±o³j¡C¡v35µS¤Ó±Ð¥¿½T¦aÁ¿¸ÑÅ«¸o¤éªº¨è­W¤v¤ß­n¨D¡A¦ý©¿²¤¤F¯««ü¥Ü¤j²½¥q¤@¤Áµ{§Çªº¯«¾Ç·N¸q¡A§ó¤£´M¨DÅ«¸o¤éªºÀ±Áɨȹw¨¥¡A²£¥Í°¾®tªºÄÀ¸g¯«¾Ç¡C

 

34 Kaiser, Toward an Old Testament Theology, p.118.

35 Hertz, Pentateuch and Haftorahs, p.484.

 

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