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1 Nero Caesar, A.D. 54-68.
2 °Ñ¬ÝLightfoot, Philippians, pp
3 Ramsay«ü¥X¡A¦b«Où²Ä¤@¦¸§G¹D®Èµ{¤¤Åã¥Ü¡A¦b¨üù°¨¤å¤Æ¼vÂQ¦hªº¦a¤è¡A³£¤ñ¸û®e©ö±o¨ìªG®Ä¡F¥L¶}©l¤u§@®É¡A¦b«n¥[©Ô¤Ó©Ò«Øªº¥|³B±Ð·|¡A³£¬O¦bù°¨¤å¤Æ¼vÂQ¤Oªº¤¤¤ß¦a¤è¡AThe Church in the Roman Empire, p
4 J. Jeremias»{¬°¥i¯à¦³¥|¦Ü¤»¸U¤H¡CJerusalem in the Time of Jesus, p.83.¡C
5 Libertini·N¬°±o¦Û¥ÑªÌ¡C
6 Suetonius ¼g¹D: Claudius "expelled the Jews from
7 °Ñ¬ÝCranfield, Rom. I, p.18.
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¦b¤W±©Ò´£ªº¤TºØ¥ß½×¤¤¡A©¼±o³Ì¦³Ð¥ßù°¨±Ð·|ªº¥i¯à©Ê¥i¥H»¡¤£¦s¦b¡C¥t¥~¨âºØ¡A¦b¤¦¯¸`«H¥DªºÃ¹°¨«È®È¤Î©¹§O³B¨ìù°¨¥hªº«H®{¡A¦bù°¨¶ÇºÖµ¡A¥i¥H¦P®É¦¨¥ß¡C¤£¦Pªº¤H¦b¤£¦Pªº±¡ªp¤Uµ²¥X¤FºÖµªºªG¤l¡A¶}©l¤Fù°¨ªº±Ð·|¡C
¦Ü©óù°¨±Ð·|²Õ¦¨ªº©Ê½è¾ãÅ骺½ü¹ø«Ü²M·¡¡A¦ý¨ãÅ骺²Ó¸`´N¤£¯à¤ÓªÖ©w¡Cù°¨±Ð·|¤¤«ÜÅãµM¬O¦³µS¤Ó¤Hªº¡A¨È©~©Ô©M¦Ê°ò©Ô¬OµS¤Ó¤H¡A«OùºÙ¦w¦h¥§¥j©MµS¥§¨È¬°¥Lªº¿ËÄÝ¡]ù¤Q¤6¡^¡A³o¨âÓ¤H¤j·§¤]¬OµS¤Ó¤H¡Cù°¨®Ñ²Ä¤Q¤³¹¤C¦Ü¤E¸`ªº»y®ð¤]¬O¹ïµS¤Ó¤HÁ¿ªº¡C15¤£¹L¡AÁöµMù°¨±Ð·|¤¤¦³¤£¤ÖµS¤Ó«H®{¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦´Áªº«H®{¥i¯à«Ü¦h³£¬OµS¤Ó¤H¡A«o«ÜÃøÃÒ©úµS¤Ó¤H¦bù°¨±Ð·|¤¤¦û¤j¦h¼Æ¡C16ù°¨±Ð·|¤£¬O¥HµS¤Ó¤H¬°¥Dªº±Ð·|¡C
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ù°¨®Ñ²Ä¤T³¹¤@¸`¤Î¥H«á¤@¬q¸g¤å¤]±`³Q¬Ý§@¬O¤@Ó¦³¤Oªº²z¥Ñ¡AÃÒ©úù°¨±Ð·|¥Dn¬O¥ÑµS¤Ó¤H²Õ¦¨ªº¡C¦pªG»¡Ã¹°¨±Ð·|¥Dn¬O¥Ñ¥~¨¹°ò·þ®{²Õ¦¨ªº¡A¨Ã¤£¬O»¡±Ð·|¤¤¨S¦³µS¤Ó«H®{¡F¦]¦¹¦³¤@³¡¤ÀµS¤Ó«H®{¹ï«Où©Ò»¡¤Hn«ö¦Û¤v©Ò¦³ªº«G¥ú¨ü¼f§Pªº¯u²z¦³¤ÏÀ³¡A¤£¬O·N¥~ªº¨Æ¡C¦Ó¥B«Où¦b³o¬q¸g¤å¤¤©ÒÅGÅ@ªº¡A°ò¥»¤W¤£¬OµS¤Ó¤Hªº°ÝÃD¦Ó¬O¯«ªº«H¹êªº°ÝÃD¡AµS¤Ó¤Hªº°ÝÃD¥u¬O¨ä¤¤¤@ÂI¡C¥t¤@¬q»Ýn«ä·Qªº¸g¤å¬Où°¨®Ñ²Ä¤E¦Ü¤Q¤@³¹¡C¦pªGù°¨±Ð·|¤£¬O¥HµS¤Ó¤H¬°¥D¡A¬°¬Æ»ò¥Î³o»ò¦h½g´T¨ÓÁ¿µS¤Ó¤Hªº°ÝÃD¡H¦ý³o¼Ë¸ÑÄÀ¥i¯à»~¸Ñ¤F«Oùªº·N«ä¡C³o¤@¤j¬q¸g¤å¥Dn¬O¸ÑÄÀ¦]«HºÙ¸qªº¯u²z¬O¯«¦b¥þ¤HÃþ¨¤Wªºp¹º¡C«e±Á¿§¹¤F±Ï®¦ªº¯u²z¥H«á¡A©ÎªÌ¦³¤H·|»¡¡A«Où©ÒÁ¿ªº±Ïªk©ÎªÌ¾A¥Î©ó¥~¨¹¤H¨¤W¡A¦ýµS¤Ó¤H¬O¾a¥t¥~¤@ºØ¤èªk±o±Ï¡C«Où»¡¤£¬O¦p¦¹¡A¦]«HºÙ¸qªº¯u²z¾A¥Î©ó¥þ¤HÃþ¡C¦Ó¥B¦b³o¬q¸g¤åªº¥½¤F¡A²Ä¤Q¤@³¹¤Q¤T¸`¤@¬q¸g¤å¡A«Où¦b«jÀy¤w¸g¦]«HºÙ¸qªº°ò·þ®{¡A¤£n¦Û¸Ø¦Ó»´¬Ý¨º¨Ç¼È®É³Q¯«±óµ´ªºµS¤Ó¤H¡C³o¼Ëªº¸g¤å¤£¯àÃÒ©úù°¨±Ð·|¥Dn¬OµS¤Ó¤H²Õ¦¨ªº¡C
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8
R.E. Brown and J.P. Meier, Antioch and Rome: New Testament Cradles of
Catholic Christianity p
9 °Ñ¬ÝGodet,
Rom, p.37; Hodge, Rom, p.6; Cranfield Rom. I, p.17.
10 ©¼«e¤13ªº¤Ú¤ñÛ¥i¯à¬O·t«üù°¨¡CYªG¦p¦¹¡A«h©¼±o¼g©¼±o«e®Ñ®É¬O¦bù°¨¡C
12 ¬ÝGodet, Romans, pp.38ff.
13 ¬ÝSanday and Headlam, Romans, p.xxviii
14 ¬ÝGodet, Romans, pp
15 ¦pù¤Q¤8-9¡G¡u§Ú»¡°ò·þ¬O¬°¯«¯u²z§@¤F¨ü³Î§¤Hªº°õ¨Æ¡AnÃÒ¹ê©ÒÀ³³\¦C¯ªªº¸Ü¡F¨Ã¥s¥~¨¹¤H¡A¦]¥Lªº¼¦¼§¡AºaÄ£¯«¡C¡v³oùتº»y®ð¡AÅãµMªº¬O¦b¦VµS¤Ó¤HÁ¿¸Ü¡A¡u¥~¨¹¤H¡v¤@µü¤]¬O«üÁ¿¸Ü¤¤²Ä¤TªÌªº»y®ð¡C
16 ÁöµM¦b¤@¦Ê¦h¦~«e¡AF.C. Baur³Ì¥ý¦b¦aªºPaul the Apostle of Jesus Christ, I, pp.321ff. Á¿ªº¥ß³õ¡A¥D±iù°¨±Ð·|¤¤ªºµS¤Ó¤H¦û¤j¦h¼Æ¡A·í®É«Ü¨ü¾ÇªÌ̪º¤ä«ù¡A¤µ¤Ñ³o¼Ë¤ä«ùªº¤H¤w¤£¦h¤F¡C
17 J.D.G. Dunn»{¬°³o¤@ÂI¯S§Oȱoª`·N¡A¥L»{¬°Ã¹°¨±Ð·|ªº«H®{¤¤¡A¥~¨¹¤Hªº¤ñ¨Ò¤@©w«Ü°ª¡A¤£¹L«Où¬G·N¦bù°¨®Ñ²Ä¤Q¤»³¹¤£¦h´£¥~¨¹¤Hªº¦W¦r¡F¦]¬°¦bù°¨¦a¤U¹Ó¥Þ¤¤©Òµo±¸¥Xªº°ò·þ®{ªº¦W¦r¡A¦³¤@¥b¥H¤W¬O¥~¨¹¤Hªº¦W¦r¡A¦Óù°¨®Ñ²Ä¤Q¤»³¹ªº¤H¦W¤¤¡A¥u¦³¤@¥b¥H¤U¬O¥~¨¹¤Hªº¦W¦r¡CRomans, I,
p.lii¡C¦ý³o¤@ÂI¦³¥i¯à¬O¡G«Où¬JµM¨S¦³¥h¹Lù°¨¡A¥L¦Û¤v¬OµS¤Ó¤H¡A¥L©Ò»{ÃѪºÃ¹°¨°ò·þ®{µS¤Ó¤H¦ÛµM¤ñ¥~¨¹¤H¦h¡C
18 Dunn, Romans I, xlviii.
¤T¡Bù°¨®Ñªº§@ªÌ
¥»®Ñ¤@¶}©l´N»¡©ú¬O¨Ï®{«Où©Ò§@¡C³o¤@¥ß³õ¤µ¤Ñ´¶¹M³Q¾Ç³N¬É±µ¯Ç¡A¬Æ¦Ü³\¦h·s¬ù¾ÇªÌ»{¬°¡uù°¨®Ñªº§@ªÌ¡v¬O¤@Ó¤£¥²¦A°Q½×ªº°ÝÃD¡C19¤@¦Ê¦h¦~«e´XÓ¤£©Ó»{«Où¬°¥»®Ñ§@ªÌªº¥D½×¡A¤µ¤Ñ³QºÙ¬°·s¬ù¬ã¨sªº©Ç²{¶H¡C20±Ð¤÷¤Þ¥Î¥»®Ñªº¨£ÃÒ¡A21±Ð¸qªº¤º®e¡A22¤Î¾ú¥v¨Æ¹êªº¦LÃÒ¡A23¬Ò»P«Où¼g§@¥»®Ñªº¥ß³õ¬Û²Å¦X¡Cºî¦X¥H¤W©Ò´£¦UÂI¡A§Ų́S¦³²z¥ÑÃhºÃ«Où¬°¥»®Ñªº§@ªÌ¡C
«Où¥Í¦b°ò§Q®aªº¤j¼Æ¡]®{¤Ü¤G3¡^¡A«ö«Où¦Û¤v»¡¡A¤j¼Æ¡u¤£¬OµL¦W¤p«°¡v¡]®{¤Ü¤@39¡^¡C°ò§Q®a¬O¤p¨È²Ó¨ÈªF«n³¡¤@Ó«nªº¬Ù¤À¡A¤j¼Æ¬O°ò§Q®aªºº³£¡AÂ÷¦a¤¤®ü©¤¬ù¤Q¦h¤½¨½¡A«Ø¦b¦è¼w§VªeÃä¡A24¯¸¦bªF¦è¥æ³qªºn¹D¤W¡A¥æ³q¤è«K¡A¹A²£Â×´I¡F¥_Ã䦳¥LĬ¤s¡A25¤sÃä¯bªª¦Ï¸s¡A²±²£¦Ï¤ò¡A¬O½s´±b¹õ¥¬ªº¦n§÷®Æ¡C
¤j¼Æ¦b¦a²z¤W¥i¥H»¡¦ì©óªF¦è¤å¤Æ¥æ¬yªºªù¤á¡A¤@¤è±¨üªF¤è¤å¤Æªº¼vÅT¡A¦P®É¤]¨ü§Æþ¤å¤Æªº°ö¨|¡A©Ò¥H°ò§Q®a¡A¯S§O¬O¤j¼Æ«°¡A¬°´µ¦h¨Èõ¾Ç¼vÅTªº¤¤¤ß¡C26¦Ó¥B¤j¼Æ¤S¦³«Ü¤jªº¾Ç®Õ¡A¤Î¦³¦Wªº¹B°Ê³õ¡C«Où¦b³o¼ËªºÀô¹ÒùØ´ç¹Lµ£¦~¡A§Æþõ¾Ç«ä·Q¦b¥L¨¤W¤@©w¯d¤U¤F«Ü²`»·ªº¦L¶H¡C
¦ý«Où©Ò¨üªº¥¿¦¡±Ð¨|«o¬O¥HµS¤Óªº±Ð¨|¬°¥D¡C¡u§Úì¬OµS¤Ó¤H¡A¥Í¦b°ò§Q®aªº¤j¼Æ¡Aªø¦b³o«°¡]C¸ô¼»§N¡^ùØ¡A¦b{º¿¦Cªºªù¤U¡A«öµÛ§Ú̯ª©vÄYÂÔªº«ßªk¨ü±Ð¡C¡v¡]®{¤Ü¤G3¡^Y«ö·Ó¥DC¿q©Ò¦æªº¡A¤Q¤G·³¥hC¸ô¼»§N¡]¸ô¤G42¡^¡A«Où¤]¥i¯à¦b¤Q¤G·³®É¨ìC¸ô¼»§N¥h¡A¨ü{º¿¦Cªº±Ð¾É¡C27¦]¦¹¦b¤j¼Æ©Ò¹Lªº³Ì¦ªº¤Q¦~¥ª¥k¡A«Où¾Ç²ß¨Ã³q¾å¤F§Æþ¤å¡A¦bC¸ô¼»§N©Ò¨üªºµS¤Ó±Ð¨|©M¥L¥Íªøªº®a®x¡A¨Ï¥LÀ´§Æ§B¨Ó¤å©M¨ÈÄõ¤å¡C¦bÁ¿z¥L¦Û¤vªºI´º®É¡A«Où»¡¥L¬O¡u§Æ§B¨Ó¤H©Ò¥Íªº§Æ§B¨Ó¤H¡v¡]µÌ¤T5¡^¡C¡u§Æ§B¨Ó¤H¡v¤@»y¡A¦b«Où®É¥Nªº¥Îªk¡A»P¡u¥H¦â¦C¤H¡v¤£¦P¡C¡u¥H¦â¦C¤H¡v¥i¯à¥u¬O«ü¦b¦å²Î¤W¬OÄÝ©ó¨È§B©Ô¨uªº«á¸Ç¡A¦Ó¡u§Æ§B¨Ó¤H¡v«h¬O«ü¦b»y¨¥¡B¤å¤Æµ¥¤è±³£«öµS¤Ó¤Hªº¤è¦¡¥Í¬¡ªºµS¤Ó¤H¡C¨Ï®{¦æ¶Ç²Ä¤»³¹¤@¸`¸ô¥[Á¿¥X¡u»¡§Æ§Q¥§¸ÜªºµS¤Ó¤H¡v¡A»P¡u§Æ§B¨Ó¤H¡vªº¹ï·Ó¡A¤j·§´N¬Onªí¹F³o«ä·Q¡C28«Où¦bC¸ô¼»§N¦V¸s²³Á¿¸Ü¬O¥Î§Æ§B¨Ó¸Ü¡]®{¤Ü¤G1¡^¡F¥DC¿q¦b²§¶H¤¤¦V«OùÁ¿¸Ü®É¡A¤]¬O¥Î§Æ§B¨Ó¸Ü¡C¥Ñ¦¹ºØºØ¥i¥H¬Ý¥X¡A«Où³Ì²ßºDÁ¿ªº¸Ü¬O§Æ§B¨Ó¸Ü¡A©ÎªÌ¦Ü¤Ö¥Lªº§Æ§B¨Ó¸Ü©M§Æþ¸Ü¤@¼Ë¬y§Q¡C
«Où¨üªºµS¤Ó¤H±Ð¨|¡A¤£³æ¨Ï¥LÀ´µS¤Ó¤Hªº»y¨¥¡A¦Ó¥B¨Ï¥L¦³µS¤Ó¤H¶Ç²Îªº«ä·Q¤è¦¡¡C¥L¦Û¤v»¡¥L¬O¤@ÓÄYÂÔªºªk§QÁɤH¡]®{¤Ü¤»5¡FµÌ¤T6¡^¡A³o¤@ÂI·íµM¼vÅT«Oùªº¸Ñ¸g¤èªk¡A¦ý§ó«nªº¬O¹ï¥L«H¥D¥H«eªº¥Í¬¡Æ[©M©v±ÐÆ[ªº¼vÅT¡C¥L¹L¥h·¥¤O¹G¢±Ð·|¡]®{¤Ü¤»9-11¡^¡A¦]¬°«öµÛªk§QÁɤHªº±Ð°V¡A¥L¥H¬°¥u¦³³o¼Ë§@¤~¯à»X¯«®®¯Ç¡]¥[¤@13-14¡F´£«e¤@13¡^¡Cªk§QÁɬ£ªº¯SÂI´N¬On¥s¤H¾aµÛ¦u«ßªkªº¥\³Ò±o¯«ªº³ß®®¡C¦ý¦b±o±Ï¥H«á¡A«Où¤~»{²M·¡¡A¡u¤Z¦³¦å®ðªº¡A¨S¦³¤@Ó¦]¦æ«ßªk¡A¯à¦b¯«±«eºÙ¸q¡C¡v¡]ù¤T20¡^29¤j°¨¦â¸ô¤Wªº¸gÅç¡A¨Ï¥L¹ï¤H©M¯«ªºÃö«Y¡A¦³¤F§¹¥þ¤£¦Pªº¬Ýªk¡C¡u¬Jª¾¹D¤HºÙ¸q¤£¬O¦]¦æ«ßªk¡A¤D¬O¦]«HC¿q°ò·þ¡A³s§Ṳ́]«H¤F°ò·þC¿q¡A¨Ï§Ú̦]«H°ò·þºÙ¸q¡A¤£¦]¦æ«ßªkºÙ¸q¡A¦]¬°¤Z¦³¦å®ðªº¡A¨S¦³¤@¤H¦]¦æ«ßªkºÙ¸q¡C¡v¡]¥[¤G16¡^«Où³o¤è±ªº»â¨ü©M»{ÃÑ¡A¹ï¾ã¥»Ã¹°¨®Ñªº±Ð°V¦³ª½±µªº¼vÅT¡C
19
20
"Curiosities of N.T. Scholarship", Cranfield, Romans I, p.1.
21 I
Clement 32.2, cf. Rom. 9:
22 ù°¨®Ñªº±Ð¸q¡A¯S§O¬O¦]«HºÙ¸qªº±Ð°V¡A»P¥[©Ô¤Ó®Ñ¤ÎôªL¦h®Ñ¤º®eªº¹ï·Ó·¥¨ä²Å¦X¡C
23 ù¤Q¤
24 Cydnus River.
25 Mt.
26 Olaf Moe¯S§O«ü¥X´µ¦h¨Èõ¾Ç®aZeno II Aratus, Athenodorusµ¥¬Ò´¿ªø®É¶¡¦b¤j¼Æ±Ð¾Ç¡AAthenodorusªº¾Ç¥ÍSeneca¦¨¤F§ó¦³¦Wªº´µ¦h¨È¬£õ¾Ç®a¡CThe Apostle Paul, his life and his work, pp.25ff.
27 O. Moe¥H¬°¦³¥i¯à«Où¬O¤Q·³®É¨ìC¸ô¼»§N¥hªº¡COp.cit. p.39.
28 Bruce»{¬°³o¼Ëªº§Æ§B¨Ó¤H¤j·§°Ñ¥[¦b·q«ô®É§¹¥þ¥Î§Æ§B¨Ó¤å©M¨ÈÄõ¤åªº·|°ó¡CBP, p.42.
29 ¦b¸ÑÄÀ«Où±o±ÏªºI´º®É¡ADunn¤Þ¥ÎW.D. Davis, "Paul and the People of Israel," NTS
24 [1977-78] 20»¡¡A¡u«Où¦b±µ¨ü¤@ÓµS¤Ó¤HC¿q§@À±ÁɨȮɡA¥L¨Ã¤£¥H¬°¬O¶i¤J¤F¤@Ó·sªº©v±Ð¡A¦Ó¬Oµo²{µS¤Ó¤Hªº¶Ç²Î¦b°ò·þ¨¤W§¹¥þªºªí¹F¥X¨Ó¤F¡K¡K¥L¤£·|¥H¬°¥L±q¦¹¤£¦A¬OµS¤Ó¤H¡A©Î¬O¶}©l¤F¤@Ó·sªº©v±Ð¡C¡vRomans I,
p.xlif. ³o¼Ëªº¥ß½×«Ü®e©ö³Q¤H»~·|¡C¦pªG»¡¯«¦b¬ù©Ò±Ò¥Üªº¤ß·N¦b°ò·þ¨¤Wªí¹F¥X¨Ó¤F¡A§ÚÌ·íµM¦P·N¡F¦ý¦b°ò·þ¨¤W©Òªí¹Fªº¤£¬OµS¤Ó¤Hªº¶Ç²Î¡A¯S§O¬Oªk§QÁɱÐ̪º¶Ç²Î¡C
¥|¡B¼g§@ªº®É¶¡©M¦aÂI
¦bù°¨®Ñ²Ä¤Q¤³¹¤Q¤E¸`¡A«Où»¡¥L¦b°¨¨ä¹y¥HªF¤w¸g§âºÖµ¶Ç¹M¤F¡A©Ò¥H³o«Ê®Ñ«HÀ³¸Ó¬O¼g¦b«Où²Ä¤T¦¸°ê¥~§G¹D®Èµ{ªº¥½´Á¡Cù°¨®Ñ¤Q¤³¹¤Ü¤¸`»¡¥L¹w³Æ±N°¨¨ä¹y©M¨È¸Ó¨È±Ð·|¬°C¸ô¼»§N¦³»Ýnªº¸t®{§@ªº©^Äm°e¥h¡A©Ò¥H³o®É¥L¥¿¦b¹w³Æ©¹C¸ô¼»§N¥h¡C¦bôªL¦h®Ñ«HùØ¡A«Où«jÀy¥Ļâ³o¨Ç®½¶µ¹w³Æ¦n¡A¥L¥hªº®ÉÔ¥i¥H§â¿ú°e¥h¡]ªL«e¤Q¤»1°_¡FªL«á¤E1°_¡^¡A²{¦b³oµ§¿ú¹w³Æ¦n¤F¡A«Où´Nn©¹C¸ô¼»§N¥h¤F¡C
«Où¼g³o«Ê®Ñ«H®É¬O¦í¦b¸ÓµS®aùØ¡]ù¤Q¤»23¡^¡A¦¹¸ÓµS¤j·§´N¬O«Où´¿µ¹¥L¬I¬~ªºôªL¦h¤H¡]ªL«e¤@14¡^¡C«Où³o®É¦í¦b¥L®aùØ¡A¤j·§¬O¦bôªL¦h¡C¦b®Ñ«H¤¤«Où¯S§O¤¶²Ð¤@Ó¤k°õ¨Æ«D¤ñ¡]ù¤Q¤»1¡^¡C«D¤ñ¬O°í²ù¤H¡A°í²ù¬OôªL¦hªF«n±ªº¤@Ó´äÉI¡C³o®É«D¤ñ¹w³Æ¨ìù°¨¥h¡A«Où¤@¤è±¦Vù°¨±Ð·|¤¶²Ð¦o¡A¤@¤è±¤]Á¿¦o¶¶«K±a³o«Ê«H¥h¡C¦]¦¹«Où¦bôªL¦h¼gªº³o«Ê«H¡A¬O¶¶²z¦¨³¹ªº¨Æ¡C
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¦h¥b¾ÇªÌ³£¦P·N¥H¤Wªº¸ÑÄÀ¡A¦ý«Où¬O¦b¨º¤@¦~¦bôªL¦h°±¯d¨º¤TÓ¤ë¡A´N¤ñ¸ûÃø¨M©w¤F¡C¸t¸g¤W´£¨ìªº»P¥@¬É¾ú¥v¦³Ãöªº¨Æª«¡A¦³®É¥i¥Hµ¹§Ṳ́@¨ÇÀ°§U¡C«Où¦bôªL¦h¶Ç¹Dªº®ÉÔ¡A´¿³QµS¤Ó¤H±±§i¡A¦bù°¨¬£¨ìôªL¦h§@¤è§Bªº{¬y±«e¨ü¼f¡]®{¤Q¤K12°_¡^¡C{¬yªº¥ô´Á¬O¦b¥D«á52¦~¡C30«ö·í®Éªº¨î«×¡A¤è§B¡]©ÎºÙÁ`·þ¡^ªº¥ô´Á¬O¤@¦~¡A¦³®É¥i¯à§@¨â¥ô¡C¦p¦¹{¬yªº¥ô´Á¥i¯à¬O¥D«á50¦Ü54¦~¤ºªº¥ô¦ó¨â¦~¡A«Où¦bôªL¦h¨ü¼fªº®É´Á¥i¯à¬O¥D«á50¦Ü54¦~¤ºªº¥ô¦ó®É´Á¡C³o¥ó¨Æµo¥Í¦b«Où²Ä¤G¦¸°ê¥~§G¹D®Èµ{ªº¥½§À¡C¥H«á¥L´¿¨ìC¸ô¼»§N¡B¦w´£ªüµ¥¦a¥h¡F¦A¹L¨Ç®ÉÔ¶}©l²Ä¤T¦¸°ê¥~§G¹D®Èµ{¡A¤¤³~¸g¹L¤F¤@¨Ç¦a¤è¡AµM«á¦b¥H¥±©Ò¤u§@¤F¨â¦~¹s¤TÓ¤ë¡]®{¤Q¤E8-10¡^¡A¦A¨Ó¨ìôªL¦h¡C³o¦¸¨Ó¨ìôªL¦h®É¼g¤Fù°¨®Ñ¡Cn¨M©w¦b¦ó®É¼gù°¨®Ñ¡A¥ýn¨M©w«Où¬O¦b¦ó®É¦b{¬y±«e¨ü¼f¡A¬O¦b¥D«á50¦~¡AÁÙ¬O¦b¥D«á54«á¡A©Î¤¤¶¡ªº¥ô¦ó¤@¦~¡H¤£¦Pªº¾ÇªÌ¡A®Ú¾Ú¥L̤£¦Pªº¬Ýªk¡A¦³¤£¦Pªº·N¨£¡C31¾ãÅ黡¨Ó¡A§ÚÌı±o¥D«á57¦~¥V©Î58¦~¬K³Ì¬°¾A¦X¡C«Où©M¦P¦ñ³o¦¸¦^C¸ô¼»§N¥hªº®Èµ{¬O¼²î¥hªº¡]®{¤G¤Q6¡B13¡^¡A¦Ó¥V¤Ñ¦a¤¤®üªº®ü±¤£¾A©ó¯è¦æ¡C«Où¤S«æ¤Áªº¬ß±æ¦b¤¦¯¸`«e»°¨ìC¸ô¼»§N¡]®{¤G¤Q16¡^¡A©Ò¥H¥L̹L¤F¥V¤Ñ¤]¤£·|µ¥±o¤Ó¤[¡C¦]¦¹»¡³o¥»®Ñ¬O¦b¥D«á57¦~¥V¥½©Î58¦~ªì¬K¼gªº³Ì¬°¾A¦X¡C32
30 ¬ÝC.K. Barrett, The New Testament Background: Selected
Documents, p
31 John Knox»{¬°¬O¦b¥D«á53¦~¡AIB,
IX, p.358; Leon Morris»{¬°¬O¦b¥D«á55¦~¡ARomans, p.7;
C.E.B Cranfield»{¬°¬O¦b¥D«á55-56¦~ªº¥V¤Ñ¡ARomans I,
p.14; F. Godet »{¬°«Où¦b¥H¥±©Ò©~¦íªº®É¶¡¬O¥D«á54-57¦~¡A©Ò¥H¥L»{¬°Ã¹°¨®Ñ¬O¼g¦b¥D«á57-58¦~ªº¥V¤Ñ¡ARomans, p.47¡C
32 ¾ãÓ«Oùªº¦~¥N±ÀÛ®«e«á¦³
¤¡B¼g§@ªºì¦]©M¥Øªº
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1.±q¶ÇºÖµªºµ¦²¤¨Ó¬Ý\i0 ¡@«Où¦Û¤v»¡¥L¥ß¤F§Ó¦V¡A¤£¦b°ò·þªº¦W³QºÙ¹Lªº¦a¤è¶ÇºÖµ¡]ù¤Q¤20¡^¡C±q²Ä¤Q¤»³¹¥i¥H¬Ý¥X·í®Éù°¨¤w¸g¦³«Ü¦h°ò·þ®{¡A¬Æ¦Ü¤£¤Öªº±Ð·|¡A¦ý«Où«o¤@ª½·Q¨ìù°¨¥h¡A¥B¦b¥L̤¤¶¡°µ¨Ç¤u§@¡]ù¤@13¡A¤Q¤22¡^¡C«Où³oºØÄ@±æ°Z¤£¬O»P¥L¦Û¤vªº§Ó¦V¬Û¹H¤Ï¶Ü¡H
«Où³o¼ËªºÄ@±æ©Mp¹º¦³¤@Ó°ò¥»ªºì¦]¡C¦b²Ä¤T¦¸§G¹D®Èµ{§¹¦¨¥H«á¡A«Où»¡¦b§Æþ¥HªFªº¦a¤è¡AºÖµ¤w¸g¶Ç¹M¤F¡C«Où§@¬°¥~¨¹¤Hªº¨Ï®{¡Ap¹ºn§âºÖµ¶Ç¨ì§ó»·ªº¦è¤è¥h¡C«öµÛ¦¸§Ç¡A§Æþ¥H«áÀ³¸Ó¨ìù°¨¥h¡F¦ý²{¦bù°¨¤w¸g¦³¤F±Ð·|¡A©Ò¥H«Oùªº¥Ø¼Ð¬O¨ì¦è¯Z¤ú¥h¶ÇºÖµ¡]ù¤Q¤23¡^¡C
±q¹L¥hªº¸gÅç¬Ý¡A¯«¤u§@ªº¤è¦¡¬O¦b¤@Ó¦a¤è§â±Ð·|«Ø¥ß°_¨Ó¡A¨Ï³o±Ð·|¦¨¬°ºÖµªº®Ú¾Ú¦a¡A§âºÖµ¶Ç¨ì§ó»·ªº¦a¤è¡C«Où¬O±q¦w´£ªü³Q®t»º¥X¥hªº¡AÅãµM¬O¦w´£ªüªº±Ð·|¤ä«ù¥Lªº§G¹D¤u§@¡A¦Ó¥L¤]¬O¦V¦w´£ªüªº±Ð·|t³d¡A©Ò¥H¥Lµ²§ô¤@¦¸§G¹D®Èµ{®É¡A¤@©wn¦^¨ì¦w´£ªü¥h¦V±Ð·|³ø§i¡]¬Ý®{¤Q¥|25¡A¤Q¤K18¡B22¡^¡C²{¦b«Oùn¨ì¦è¯Z¤ú¥h¶ÇºÖµ¡A«ö·í®É®È¦æªº±¡ªp¡A¦è¯Z¤úÂ÷¦w´£ªü¤Ó»·¤F¡A«Où«ÜÃø¨C§¹¦¨¤F¤@Ó¤u§@¡A´N¦^¨ì¦w´£ªü¥h¥æ«Ý¡C¦]¦¹¦b¥h¦è¯Z¤ú¥H«e¡A¥L»Ýn¤@Ó¶ZÂ÷¤ñ¸ûªñªº±Ð·|¡A§@¬°¥Lªº®Ú¾Ú¦a¡Cù°¨¤w¸g¦³¤F±Ð·|¡A¦pªGù°¨ªº±Ð·|©ú¥Õ¦¹¹D²z¡AªÖºÉ§@ºÖµ®Ú¾Ú¦aªº¥»¤À¡A´N¬O³Ì²z·Qªº¤F¡C©Ò¥H«Où¼g³o«Ê®Ñ«H¹w³Æ¥LÌ¡C¦bù°¨®Ñ²Ä¤Q¤³¹¤Ü¥|¸`¡A«Où®t¤£¦h¤w¸g»¡©ú¤F¡A¥L§Æ±æ¨ì¤Fù°¨©M¥L̦³¥æ©¹¥H«á¡A¥L̯൹¥L°e¦æ¡]¤Q¤24¡^¡C
2.±q¯u²zªº®â°ö¨Ó¬Ý¡@±Ð·|¦³³d¥ô¤ä«ù¶ÇºÖµªº¤u§@¡A³o¬O·íµMªº¯u²z¡F¦ý²{¦b«Où¤£ª¾¹Dù°¨±Ð·|¦³¨S¦³³o¤è±¨¬°÷ªº±Ð¾É¡C¦pªGù°¨±Ð·|¬O¥L«Ø¥ßªº¡A¥L¤w¸gµ¹¥L̨¬°÷ªº±Ð¾É¡A³o®É¤]³\¥uµy·L¤@´£¿ô´N°÷¤F¡C¦ý²{¦b¤£¦P¡A©Ò¥H¥Ln§â¾ãÓ¯u²z¦V¥LÌÁ¿¸Ñ¡C
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3.±qÀô¹Òªº¹w³Æ¨Ó¬Ý¡@«Où¦b«H¤¤¦Vù°¨±Ð·|¤¶²Ð«D¤ñ©n©f¡C«D¤ñ¬O°í²ù±Ð·|ªº¤k°õ¨Æ¡]ù¤Q¤»1¡^¡A°í²ù¬OôªL¦hªF«n±ªº´ä¤f¡A²{¦b«D¤ñn¨ìù°¨¥h¡A«Où¦]¥Lªº¨¤À¡A¤Î¥L¦bù°¨»{ÃѨº»ò¦h¤H¡A©Ò¥H¼g«H¤¶²Ð¦o¡C·í®Éªº¥æ³q¤£¤è«K¡A«H¥ó¨Ó©¹·íµM¤]¤£®e©ö¡A¬JµM¦³¤@Ó©n©fn¨ìù°¨¥h¡A·íµM¤£¥i¥H©ñ¹L³o¼Ëªº¦n¾÷·|¡A¥s¦o±a¤@«Ê«H¥h¡C¯S§O«Où¥¿¦b¬ß±æ¦Û¤v¤]¥hù°¨¡A¥L¥¿»Ýn¦Vù°¨¤H¸ÑÄÀ¥Lªºp¹º¡C©Ò¥H¤@¤è±¤¶²Ð«D¤ñ¡A¤@¤è±¦Vù°¨¤H§@¹w³Æ¤u§@¡A±a³o«Ê«H¥h¬OÃø±oªº¾÷·|¡C
4.±q¸tÆFªº±Ò¥Ü¨Ó¬Ý¡@¤£½×Àô¹Ò©M»Ýn¦h»ò¤j¡A¨Ï®{ªº¦æ°Ê¬O¨ü¯«´xºÞªº¡C¬°¤F«á¥@±Ð·|ªº»Ýn¡A¯«·P°Ê«Où¼g¤F³o«Ê·¥«nªº®Ñ«H¡Cù°¨®Ñ¬O¹ï©ú¥Õ°ò·þ±Ðªº¯«¾Ç¡A¯S§O¬O¦³Ãö±Ï®¦ªº¯u²z¡A¤£¥i¯Ê¤Öªº¤@¥»®Ñ¡C¯«·íµMª¾¹D±Ð·|ªº»Ýn¡A©Ò¥H¸tÆF·P°Ê¨Ï®{¼g¤U³o¥»®Ñ¡A§@¬°¾ãӱз|¯u²zªº±Ð¾É®Ú¾Ú¡C¦b«ä·Q¾ãÓù°¨®Ñ¼g§@ªºì¦]©M¥Øªº®É¡Aµ´¹ï¤£¯à©¿²¤¸tÆFªº±Ò¥Ü¤u§@¡C
33 The
RD¢wEssays on the Origin and Purpose of the Epistle, ed. by K.P. Donfried, ¦b1977¦~¥Xª©¥H«á¡A§ó¤Þ°_¤@¨Ç¾ÇªÌªºª`·N¡C
34 ù¤Q¥|1¡A°Ñ¬ÝR.J. Karris "Romans 14:1-15:13 and the Occasion of
Romans." RD, pp.75-99¡Cù°¨±Ð·|¤¤·íµM¥i¯à¦³¤£¦Pªº¤H¡A«H¤ßªºµ{«×¤£¦P¡A©ÎªÌ¹ï¬Y¨Ç¨Æ¦³¤£¦Pªº¬Ýªk¡A¦ý±q¾ã¥»®Ñªºµ²ºc©M«ÂI¬Ý¨Ó¡A³o¨Ç°ÝÃD¤£¥i¯à¬O¼g¾ã¥»Ã¹°¨®Ñªº«nì¦]¡C
35 ®Ú¾Úù¤Q¤@11-13, Ka/semann, Romans, p.20, »{¬°¦pªGn©¿²¤³o¤@ÂI¡A¾ãÓù°¨®Ñªº¸ÑÄÀ³£¨«¿ù¤F¤è¦V¡C«Où¦b²Ä¤Q¤@³¹½T´¿´£¨ì¥L¬O¥~¨¹¤Hªº¨Ï®{³o¥ó¨Æ¡A¦ý¨ºùتº»y®ð«o¤£¹³¬O¦b¬°¦Û¤vÅGÅ@¡Aù°¨®Ñ²Ä¤Q¤@³¹ªº»y®ð©MªL«e¤E1-2µ¥¤@Ãþ¸g¤åªº»y®ð«Ü¤£¬Û¦P¡C
36 L. Morris¦b¥LªºRomans,
pp.8-17, °Q½×¤F¤Q¤GºØ¤£¦Pªº¥ß½×¡A¨C¤@ӥ߽׳£¦³¾ÇªÌ¤ä«ù¡C·íµM§Ṳ́£¯à»´©ö©Úµ´¤@Óª¾¦W¾ÇªÌªº¥ß½×¡A§ó¤£¯àÃhºÃ³o¨Ç¾ÇªÌªº°Ê¾÷¡F¦ý¦³®É¤@¨Ç¾ÇªÌ¨ü¥L¦Û¤vªº¯«¾Ç¥ß³õ©Ò¼vÅT¡A¬Æ¦Ü¬°¤Fªí´¦Û¤vªº«G¥ú¡A¥HP¦³·NµL·N¦a©¿µø¤F¸g¤å¤¤²M·¡©úÅ㪺«ü¥Ü¡A¦ÓÁ׫´N»´¦a¥D±i¤@¨Ç·s©_ªº²z½×¡C
¤»¡B¥þ®Ñªº§¹¾ã©Ê
¾ãÅé¨Ó»¡¡Aù°¨®Ñ¬O«Où©Ò§@ªº¡A³oÂI¨S¦³¬Æ»òª§Ä³¡C¦ý«Où©Ò¼g¬O§_´N¬O²{¦b¤@¯ë¤H©Ò±µ¯Çªº¡A¥þ¤Q¤»³¹ªºÃ¹°¨®Ñ¡A¾ÇªÌ«h¦³«Ü¦h¤£¦Pªº¬Ýªk¡C¤Þ°_¯Éª§ªº¸g¤å¥Dn¬Où°¨®Ñ²Ä¤Q¤¡B¤Q¤»³¹¡A©M²Ä¤@³¹ªº¨â¸`¸t¸g¡C
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37 ¨S¦³³o´XÓ¦rªº¥Dn¬O¨âӲĤE¥@¬öªºª©¥»¡AG©MDabs¡A©M¥t¥~¤@¨Ç©Ô¤B¤åª©¥»ªº¦¸n¨£ÃҤαФ÷ªº¤Þ¥Î¡C
38 ¤j¼g¦r¥Àªºª©¥»¥i¾a©Ê³Ì°ªªºaABCDµ¥¡A¤Î¥t¥~´X¤QÓ¨ä¥Lª©¥»³£¨£ÃÒ¦³³o´XÓ¦r¡C39 ¬ã¨s²Ä¤Q¤»³¹ªº®ÉÔ¡A·|¦A°Q½×¥»®Ñ«H¬O§_¼gµ¹Ã¹°¨±Ð·|ªº°ÝÃD¡C
40 Áp¦X¸t¸g¤½·|¥Xª©ªº§Æþ¤å·s¬ù¦C¥X¤TÓ¤j¼g¦r¥Àªºª©¥»¡AL, Y¤Î0209vid¡A¤Î¤Q¤TÓ¤p¼g¦r¥Àªºª©¥»¡A©M¤@¨Ç¥|¥@¬ö¥H«áªº±Ð¤÷ªº¨£ÃÒ¡A¼gªk³£¬O³o¼Ë¡C
41 F.F. Bruce¯S§O«ü¥X¦b¯S¤g¨}ªºAgainst Marcion ªº®Ñ¤¤¡A¨S¦³¤@¦¸¤Þ¥Îù¤Q¥|23¥H«áªº§÷®Æ¡A¨ä¹êù¤Q¤³¹¦³«Ü¦h¥i¥Î¨Ó§åµû°¨¦N¦wªº§÷®Æ¡ARomans,
p.26¡C¦ý¯S¤g¨}¨S¦³¤Þ¥Îù¤Q¤³¹ªº§÷®Æ¡A¤£¤@©wÃÒ©ú¥L¤£ª¾¹D¦³Ã¹¤Q¤³¹¡A©Î¥L¥Îªºª©¥»¨S¦³Ã¹¤Q¤³¹¡F«Ü¥i¯à¬O¦]¬°°¨¦N¦w¤£±µ¯Çù¤Q¤³¹¡A©Ò¥H¯S¤g¨}¬G·N¤£¤Þ¥Î³o³¹¸t¸g¡A§K±oµ¹°¨¦N¦wÂǤf¡A¤£±µ¯Ç¯S¤g¨}ªº²z¥Ñ¡C
42 ¦pa, B, Cµ¥¡C
43 ¦pClement, Origenlatµ¥¡C
44 T.W. Manson, Studies in the Gospels and Epistles, pp.233ff;
Sanday and Headlam, Romans, pp.xcviff. ³£¦³«Ü¸Ô²Óªº°Q½×¡CL. Morris¤£¤ÓªÖ©w±µ¨ü°¨¦N¦w§R°£Ã¹¤Q¤³¹µ¥ªº²z½×¡A¥L¥t¥~´£¥X´XºØ¥i¯à¡A¦ý¥L¦Û¤v¨S¦³µ²½×¡A°Ñ¬Ý¥LªºRomans, pp.23f.
45 Bruce«ü¥X¡A¥®É«Où¦b®Ñ«H¤¤¤£¦h´£¦W°ÝÔ«H®{¡A¦ý¥L¼g«Hµ¹ºqù¦è±Ð·|®É¡A¤]´¿´£¦W°ÝÔ¨âÓ¤H¡A°Ñ¦è¥|16¡B17¡C³o¬O¥i¥H²z¸Ñªº¡A¦]¬°¹ï¼ôÃѪº±Ð·|¡A´£¦W°ÝÔ«Ü®e©ö·|±¾¤@º|¸U¡A¤Þ°_»~·|¡F¦Ó¦b¨S¦³¨£¹L±ªº±Ð·|¡A³oºØ¥¦¾÷´N«Ü¤p¤F¡CBruce¤]¸ÑÄÀ³o¨Ç¤H©M«Où¥i¯àªºÃö«Y¡C¨£BP, pp.385-389¡C
46 ³o¼Ëªº¤å½Z¬OChester Beaty Papyri, ³q±`ºÙ¬°p46¡A¨Ó¦Û¥D«á²Ä¤T¥@¬ö¡A¬O²{¦³·s¬ù½Z¥»¤¤³Ì¦ªº¡A¤]¬O«O¿©®Ñ«H³Ì¦nªºª©¥»¡C¨ä¤¤¥]¬Aù°¨®Ñ«á¥bªº§÷ªU¡A¦b1935¦~¥Xª©¡A¥þÓõ«Où®Ñ«Hªº§÷®Æ¦b1936¦~¥Xª©¡C
47 J.B. Lightfoot»{¬°«Où³Ìªì¼g¤F¥þù°¨®Ñ¡A«á¨Ó¦]¤º®eªº©Ê½è¡A¥L¦Û¤v¨ú®ø¤F®Ñ«H¤¤¦³¦a¤è¦â±mªº§÷®Æ¡A§Y¤@7¡B15¤Î¤Q¤¡B¤Q¤»³¹µ¥¡A¦Ó·í§@¤½¶}«H¡A°eµ¹²³±Ð·|¡CF.J. Hort¹ï¦¹²z½×¦³«Ü¸Ô²Ó¦Ó²`¤Jªº§å§P¡C¬ÝLighlfoot, Biblical Essays, pp.285-320, ¤Î321-351¡CMurray¡A¦bRom.
I, p.265¤]«ü¥X¡A§Y¨Ï¨ú®ø¤@7¡B15¡A¦b¤@8-15¤¤¤]¥Rº¡¦a¤è¦â±m¡A¦Ó¤£¥i¥H·í¬°´¶³qªº¤½¶}«H¨Ó¬Ý¡C
48 °Ñ¬ÝL. Morris, Romans, p.25f.¹ïù¤Q¤»³¹«Où©Ò°ÝÔªº¤Hªº¸ÑÄÀ¡C
49 aBCD杭C
50 «Ü¦h¾ÇªÌ³£¥u»{¬°p46¤ñ¨ä¥L¤j¼g¦r¥Àªºª©¥»¦¤@Ó¥@¬ö¡A´N¤@©w§ó¥i¾a¡A¨ä¹êp46©M¨ä¥L¤j¼g¦r¥Àªºª©¥»³£¬O±q§Oªºª©¥»§Û¨Óªº¡A¦Ó²{¦³ª©¥»ªº¥i¾a©Ê©M¥¦Ì©Ò®Ú¾Úªºª©¥»ªº¥i¾a©Ê¡A¦P¼Ë«n¡C
51 C.E.B Cranfield, Romans I, pp.5-11¤Î L.
Morris, Romans, pp.24-31¦³¸û¸Ô²Óªº°Q½×¡A±qù¤Q¤»³¹©Ò´£ªº¤HªºI´º¡A¤Îª©¥»ªº¨£ÃÒµ¥¦h¤è±ªº¿Å¶q¡A¥L̳£±µ¨üù¤Q¤»³¹¬°«Où©Ò¼g쥻ªºÃ¹°¨®Ñªº¤@³¡¤À¡C
¤C¡B¥»®ÑªºÅéµô©M©Ê½è
«öÅéµô©Mºc³y¨Ó»¡¡Aù°¨®Ñ¤¤¤@Ó³Ìȱoª`·Nªº¯SÂI¡A´N¬O®Ñ¤¤°Q½×±Ð¸qªº§÷®Æ¡A¦ûªº½g´T¯S§O¦h¡AY°£¥h²Ä¤@³¹«e¤@¥bªº¤Þ¨¥¡A©M²Ä¤Q¤³¹¤Q¥|¸`¶}©lªºµ²½×¡A¥þ¥»®Ñ¥i¥H¬Ý§@¤@½g±Ð¸q©Êªº½×¤å¡Cªì¬Ý°_¨Ó¡A§@¬°¤@«Ê®Ñ«H¡A³oºØºc³y¦ü¥G«Ü¯S§O¡F¦ý¬O«öµÛ«Où¼g§@ªº¥Øªº¢w¢wnÂǵ۹ïºÖµ¯u²zªºÄÄÄÀ¡A¹w³Æù°¨±Ð·|±µ¨ü§@¶ÇºÖµ°ò¦aªº³d¥ô¢w¢w¥L¥Îªº³oºØÅéµô¤£³æ¥i¥H²z¸Ñ¡A¦Ó¥B¬O·N®Æ¤§¤¤ªº¡C
¦]¬°¬OÁ¿¸Ñ±Ð¸qªº¯u²z¡A©Ò¥H«Où¥Î¦r»ºµü³£«D±`¤p¤ß¡A¯S§OÁ¿¨ì«n±Ð¸qªº¯u²z®É¡A¦p²Ä¤T³¹¤Ü¤@¦Ü¤Ü¤»¸`Á¿±Ï®¦ªº¹D²z¡A©Î²Ä¤»³¹¤@¦Ü¤»¸`ªº¸t¼äªº¯u²z®É¡AÃã¥yªº¥Îªk¡A°Êµüªº®ÉºA¡A¬Æ¦Ü«e¸mµüªº¿ï¾Ü¡A³£©úÅ㪺¬O¸g¹L¥J²Ó¦Ò¼{ªº¡A¦ü¥G¤@Ó¦r³£¤£¥i¥H§ï´«¡F¦]¦¹¦b¸ÑÄÀ®É¡A¤]¤£À³©¿²¤¨ä¤¤¤åªkºc³y¤ÎÃã¥y¿ï¾Üªº«n©Ê¡C
¦b¤@¬q¦wÀRªº®É¶¡¡A©M¥ÀRªºÀô¹ÒùؼgªºÃ¹°¨®Ñ¡A«Où¥©Mªº¤ß±¡¡A¤]¦b®ÑªºÅéµô¤Wªí²{¥X¨Ó¤F¡C¨Ò¦p¥L¬O¦b¤ß±¡¿E°Êªº±¡ªp¤U¼g¥[©Ô¤Ó®Ñ¡A©Ò¥H®Ñ¤¤¥X²{¤@¨ÇÅéµô¤Wªñ¥Gª§ÅG©Êªº¥y»y¡A52¦bù°¨®Ñ´N¤£¨£³oÃþªº»y¥y¡C¬Û¤Ï¡Aù°¨®Ñªº»y¥y«Ü¥Ã¡A±À²z©Ê·¥±j¡C53¤@Ó½×ÂI«Ø¥ß¦b«e¤@Ó½×ÂI¤W¡A¦p¦¹Ãþ±À¡A¦pªG©Ó»{¤F¥Lªº²Ä¤@ӥ߽סA´NµLªk©Úµ´¥Lªº²Ä¤Gӥ߽סC54µ§ªk·¥¨äÄYÂÔ¡A¥ß½×«D±`ªÖ©w¡C
¦b·s¬ù«e«áªº®É¥N¡A§Æþªº±Ð®v¡A¯S§O¬Oõ¾Ç®a¡A±`¥Î°Ýµª¦¡ªº¤èªk±Ð¾É¾Ç¥Í¡CÂǵ۰ݵª¦¡ªº¤èªk¡A¥i¥H¥s¹ï¤è¬Ý¥X¥Lµª®×¬Y¤è±ªº¿ù»~¡A©ÎªÌ¤Þ¾É¥L«ä·Q»â·|§ó²`¤Jªº¯u²z¡A³o¬O¤@ºØ«Ü¦³®Äªº±Ð¾É¤èªk¡C«Où±q¤p¨ü¹L§Æþ±Ð¨|¡A¤@©w«Ü¼ô±x³oºØ«ä·Q¤è¦¡¡A¦bù°¨®Ñ¤¤¡A¥L´N±N³oºØªG®Ä«ÜÆF¬¡ªº¹B¥Î¥X¨Ó¤F¡C55ÁöµM¦³¨Ç¾ÇªÌªº¬Ýªk¤£¦P¡A56¦ý¦h¥b¾ÇªÌ»{¬°«OùªºÅéµô·¥ªñ§Æþ¾ÇªÌªº°Ýµª¦¡±Ð¾É¡C57¹ê»Ú¤W«Où«Ü¦³®Ä¦a¨Ï¥Î¦¹°Ýµª¦¡ªº¤èªk¡A¥sŪªÌ¹ï¥L©ÒÁ¿ªº±Ð°V¡A¦³²`¤J¦Ó¤£¥i¿i·Àªº¦L¶H¡C58
52 °Ñ¬Ý¥[¤T1-4¡C
53 °Ñ¬Ý¤G1-11¡F¥|1-12µ¥¡C
54 °Ñ¬Ý¤@18-33¡F¤G1-11¡C
55 ¨Ò¦p¤T1-8¡C
56 Matthew Black, ¦bRomans, pp.29f.
»{¬°«Où©Ò¥Îªº¥u¬O·í®ÉµS¤Ó¤H±`¥Îªº×µüªk¡A¦Ó¥B¤Ï¬Mªº¬O¥L®ü¥~¶Ç±Ð®É±`¥Îªº¤èªk¡C¦ýBlack¨Ã¨S¦³«ü¥X«OùªºÅéµô¬O§_»P§Æþ¤H©Ò¥Î°Ýµª¦¡ªº±Ð¾Éªk¦³¬Æ»ò¤£²Å¦X¤§³B¡C
57 °Ñ¬ÝCranfield, Romans I, pp.25f.
58 °Ñ¬Ý¤Q1-15¡C
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